Megasonic Cleaning Control for PCB Assemblies: 6 Rules Megasonic cleaning uses sound in the range of several hundred kilohertz to several megahertz to remove particles from a surface. It is a different mechanism from the ultrasonic baths used for heavier soils: where ultrasound relies on the violent collapse of cavitation…

PCB Drill Bit Risks: Practical Process Controls Modern electronics depend on boards that are assembled correctly the first time. Every product – a phone, a charger, a medical instrument or an industrial controller – relies on thousands of solder joints that must conduct current for years. This article explains PCB…

Corona Treatment Adhesion for PCB Surfaces: 5 Process Rules Corona treatment raises the surface energy of a plastic or a coated surface by exposing it to a high-voltage discharge. The discharge breaks bonds at the surface and leaves polar groups behind, and those groups are what allow a coating, an…

LDI Exposure Energy Control for PCB Imaging: 6 Rules Laser direct imaging writes a pattern onto a photoresist with a modulated beam instead of a film artwork, and exposure energy is the parameter that decides whether that pattern develops faithfully. Too little energy leaves resist that dissolves in the developer,…

PCB Drill Bit Review: Design, Process, and Quality Notes Electronics manufacturing has become a discipline of small details. Solder paste volumes, placement accuracy, temperature profiles and inspection limits all add up to the final result. This guide looks at PCB drill bit review from the perspective of a PCBA factory…

Micro Drill Small Hole Control in PCB Fabrication: 6 Rules A micro drill is a bit small enough that its own stiffness becomes a process variable. Below roughly 0.3 mm the shank deflects under the thrust of the drill, the flutes fill faster, and the margin between a sound hole…

Dam and Fill Encapsulation Control for PCB Assemblies: 7 Rules Dam and fill is a two-step encapsulation method used to protect components on an assembled board. A high-viscosity material is dispensed first to form a wall, or dam, around the area to be protected, and a lower-viscosity material is then…

PCB Drill Bit Plan: Design and Assembly Considerations Modern electronics depend on boards that are assembled correctly the first time. Every product – a phone, a charger, a medical instrument or an industrial controller – relies on thousands of solder joints that must conduct current for years. This article explains…

PCB Drill Bit Data: Process Details and Inspection Points Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB drill bit data gives you a practical advantage…

Tape Splice Control: Keeping Feeders Running Without Losing Parts A tape splice joins the end of one reel of components to the start of the next so that the feeder does not have to be reloaded in the middle of a run. It saves a line stop of several minutes…