FPC Test Clip Connection For Flex Testing Testing a flex circuit during development is awkward in a way that a rigid board is not. The conductors are on a thin, compliant substrate, the pitch at the connector is often 0.2 or 0.3 millimetres, and the gold fingers at the edge…

PCB End of Line Inspection: What Buyers and Engineers Should Check Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB end of line inspection gives you…

PCB Line Changeover: What Buyers and Engineers Should Check Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB line changeover gives you a practical advantage when…

PCB First Article Approval: Design, Process, and Quality Notes Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB first article approval gives you a practical advantage…

Active Crystal Oscillator: Preparation, Placement and Process Control An active crystal oscillator packages the quartz blank and the sustaining circuit in one component, so the designer gets a logic level output instead of a raw resonant element. That saves the load capacitors, the feedback resistor and the start up tuning…

Ball Shear and Pull Testing for Solder Joint Strength A solder joint that looks perfect can still be weak. Voiding, partial wetting, brittle intermetallic layers and contaminated pad finishes all hide beneath a smooth fillet, and none of them show up reliably under a microscope. Mechanical testing exists to expose…

Strain Gauge: Design Rules and Process Limits A board can be perfectly soldered and still fail later because the assembly process bent it. Strain measurement is the tool that turns that suspicion into a number. It is used to qualify a new fixture, to compare two depaneling methods, to set…

PCB Component Shift Defect: A Practical Review for Manufacturing Teams Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB component shift defect gives you a practical…

PCB Feeder Loading Check: What Matters on the Production Line Modern electronics depend on boards that are assembled correctly the first time. Every product – a phone, a charger, a medical instrument or an industrial controller – relies on thousands of solder joints that must conduct current for years. This…

PCB Void in Solder Joint: From Prototype to Volume Production Electronics manufacturing has become a discipline of small details. Solder paste volumes, placement accuracy, temperature profiles and inspection limits all add up to the final result. This guide looks at PCB void in solder joint from the perspective of a…