PCB Lamination Training: Teaching the Team Electronics manufacturing has become a discipline of small details. Solder paste volumes, placement accuracy, temperature profiles and inspection limits all add up to the final result. This guide looks at PCB lamination training from the perspective of a PCBA factory floor, covering training for…

ENEPIG Finish: Selection, Reliability and Solder Joints An electroless nickel electroless palladium immersion gold finish, usually shortened to ENEPIG, was introduced for a specific problem: a board that has to be soldered and also wire bonded. The older gold finishes served one of those duties well and the other badly,…

Drill Bit Geometry And Hole Quality A printed circuit board drill is a twist drill made of solid tungsten carbide, with a geometry that has been adapted for cutting a stack of resin and glass rather than metal. The point angle, the helix, the web thickness and the surface treatment…

PCB Lamination Defects: What Goes Wrong Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB lamination defects gives you a practical advantage when you choose a…

PCB Lamination Records: Writing It Down Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB lamination records gives you a practical advantage when you choose a…

Reflow Profile Control for PCB Assembly A reflow profile is the temperature that the board experiences over time, and it is the single most important variable in the soldering process. The same oven, paste and board can produce good joints or a range of defects depending on the profile, and…

Wave Solder Defects and Process Control Wave soldering is a process with a small number of variables and a large number of defect modes, and most of the defects are related to the interaction between the flux, the preheat and the wave rather than to the solder itself. The process…

PCB Lamination Problems: When It Goes Wrong Modern electronics depend on boards that are assembled correctly the first time. Every product – a phone, a charger, a medical instrument or an industrial controller – relies on thousands of solder joints that must conduct current for years. This article explains PCB…

PCB Lamination Checklist: What to Check Modern electronics depend on boards that are assembled correctly the first time. Every product – a phone, a charger, a medical instrument or an industrial controller – relies on thousands of solder joints that must conduct current for years. This article explains PCB lamination…

PCB Lamination Improvement: Getting Better Each Lot Modern electronics depend on boards that are assembled correctly the first time. Every product – a phone, a charger, a medical instrument or an industrial controller – relies on thousands of solder joints that must conduct current for years. This article explains PCB…