PCB Gasket Sealing: Closing the Gap to Water Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB gasket sealing gives you a practical advantage when you…

PCB Shock Test Setup: Surviving the Drop on the Line Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB shock test setup gives you a practical…

PCB Ingress Protection Testing: Proving the Box Is Sealed Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB ingress protection testing gives you a practical advantage…

PCB Design Around a High-End Applications Processor A high-end applications processor is no longer a single chip surrounded by a few peripherals. It is a small system: several high-speed serial links, a display pipe, a memory controller that wants its own stack-up, and a power architecture with a dozen rails…

PCB Salt Spray Test: Rust on the Wrong Part Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB salt spray test gives you a practical advantage…

Precision PCB Assembly for Medical Robotics A surgical robot, a rehabilitation exoskeleton or an imaging gantry contains several electronic subsystems that must work together with predictable behaviour over years of use. The control loops run continuously, the actuators produce electromagnetic noise next to sensitive feedback channels, and the assembly may…

CEM-1 PCB: Manufacturing and Assembly Guide CEM-1 is the laminate that sits between paper-based phenolic board and woven glass FR-4, and it exists because a large part of the electronics market does not need the mechanical performance of FR-4 but does need something better than paper. It is a composite:…

RF and Thermal Layout Rules for Microwave Transmitter PCB Assemblies A microwave transmitter runs hot, runs continuously and cannot tolerate a small error in the wrong place. At several gigahertz a fraction of a decibel of extra loss reduces the link margin, a few degrees of phase drift spoils a…

PCB Pressure Test for A Housing: Looking for a Slow Leak Modern electronics depend on boards that are assembled correctly the first time. Every product – a phone, a charger, a medical instrument or an industrial controller – relies on thousands of solder joints that must conduct current for years.…

Spectrum Analyzer PCB Layout: Shielding, Phase Noise and Spurs A spectrum analyzer is an instrument that measures a signal it is not allowed to disturb. The board therefore carries a receiver with a very wide dynamic range, a synthesizer whose phase noise sets the resolution limit, and enough isolation between…