RTD Sensor Measurement Circuit Design An RTD sensor is the reference choice when a temperature measurement has to be accurate over a wide range, because its resistance changes with temperature in a way that is stable, repeatable and well characterised. The sensor itself is rarely the limiting factor. What limits…

PCB Gasket Selection: Filling the Seam Electronics manufacturing has become a discipline of small details. Solder paste volumes, placement accuracy, temperature profiles and inspection limits all add up to the final result. This guide looks at PCB gasket selection from the perspective of a PCBA factory floor, covering choosing an…

PCB Balun Placement: Splitting a Signal in Two Modern electronics depend on boards that are assembled correctly the first time. Every product – a phone, a charger, a medical instrument or an industrial controller – relies on thousands of solder joints that must conduct current for years. This article explains…

PCB Antenna Clearance: Space the Radiator Needs Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB antenna clearance gives you a practical advantage when you choose…

PCB RF Connector Layout: Getting On and Off the Board Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB RF connector layout gives you a practical…

PCB Aperture in A Shield: A Hole That Leaks Modern electronics depend on boards that are assembled correctly the first time. Every product – a phone, a charger, a medical instrument or an industrial controller – relies on thousands of solder joints that must conduct current for years. This article…

PCB Antenna Ground Plane Size: The Other Half of the Aerial Buyers and engineers often focus on the finished product and forget the production line behind it. In practice, most field failures can be traced back to process decisions made during assembly. Understanding PCB antenna ground plane size gives you…

PCB RF Trace Impedance: Fifty Ohms or Nothing Electronics manufacturing has become a discipline of small details. Solder paste volumes, placement accuracy, temperature profiles and inspection limits all add up to the final result. This guide looks at PCB RF trace impedance from the perspective of a PCBA factory floor,…

Incoming Inspection of Bare Boards: What to Measure and Record A batch of bare boards arrives, the box is opened, one board is held up to the light and the lot is accepted. That single glance is the whole of the receiving inspection process in many programs, and it is…

Solder Mask for Microwave Assemblies and Soft Soldering A microwave assembly is soldered with the same tools as any other board, but the requirements are different in one important respect: the solder mask is no longer only a protective coating, it is part of the electrical environment. At frequencies above…